Flexible ureterorenoscopy and holmium laser lithotripsy represent a minimally invasive and safe endoscopy procedure for treatment of kidney stones. It is usually accessed down the bladder to the kidney where the stone is “broken” into small fragments or to the level of dust. In addition to disintegrating the stones, this method can extract fragments for analysis as well. The advantages of this procedure is that every segment of the kidney is accessible, patients are discharged the next day, and it has the lowest complication rate.